英语·选修8(人教版),第二学时 LearningaboutLanguage,,要点讲与练1．Thinkabouthowtheydiffer.(p.10)想想他们有什么不同。,词语链接要点讲与练differvi.不同，相异differfromsb./sth.与……不同，有区别differencen.差异，差别，不同之处differentadj.不同的，不一样的，有区别的bedifferentfrom与……不同，有区别tellthedifferencebetweenAandB说出A和B的区别havedifferencebetweenAandBA与B有区别,即学即练要点讲与练选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)Thingsintheworld____________eachotherinathousandways.(2)Itiseasyto_______________________________betweensteelandiron.(3)French________greatly________Englishinpronunciation.(4)Theroomlooks__________afterpaintedwhite.differfromtellthedifferencediffersfromdifferent,要点讲与练(5)Thelifeoftherichisquite____________thatofthepoor.(6)Thetwins________widelyintheirtastes.differentfromdiffer,要点讲与练2．Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?(p.10)当克隆人类时，有可能引起哪些问题？词语辨析：arise，rise，raisearisevi.(arose,arisen)庄重用词，已成旧用法，指“上升，出现，发生，造成”。risevi.(rose,risen)表示事物本身由低处移到高处。可引申为“起床”。raisevt.(raised,raised)把事物从低处移到高处，有时指提高价值、名誉、地位，又可指“抚养，饲养，筹集”。AnewproblemaboutOnlyChildPolicyaroseinthemeeting.在会议上出现了关于独生子女政策的新问题。Beforetheycouldstart,amistarose.他们出发之前起了雾。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.日出东方，落于西方。Weraisedthepriceofpotatoes.我们提高了土豆的价格。,即学即练要点讲与练用arise,rise,raise的适当形式填空。(1)They________theflagat9：00everymorning.(2)Everybodyexpectsa________inwageswiththerapiddevelopmentofeconomy.(3)Manyproblems____________________________________ifheknewthefacts.raiserisewouldarise,要点讲与练(4)Mr.White，agenerous，helpful，hardworkingperson，who________earlyeveryday，________fivehomelessorphansintherecenttwoyears.Meanwhilehe___________10，000，000yuantohelptheHopeProject.Besides,wheneveranychallengingproblem________，healwaysencouragespeople________theirhandsandtoputforwardtheirvaluableideas.Ashetriestohelpto________thesocialpositionofthelocalworkingclass，heisregardedtobeahero.riseshasraisedhasraisedarisestoraiseraise,要点讲与练3．Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.(p.11)当园艺工人剪下植物枝条使之长出新的植物时，克隆就发生了。词语辨析：happen，occur，takeplace，comeabout四词都有“发生”之意，均为不及物动词，无被动语态。但有区别。happen是一般用语，词义较广，强调事情发生的偶然性。occur用法较正式，既可以指自然发生，也可以指有意安排。takeplace一般指有计划，按事先安排进行的含义。comeabout往往注重事情发生的原因，常与how连用。TheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.奥运会每四年举办一次。Whocanknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture？谁能知道未来会发生什么事？Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout？你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？Somethingunusualdidoccurtheotherday.前几天的确发生了不同寻常的事情。,即学即练要点讲与练用happen,occur,takeplace与comeabout填空。(1)Whendidtheexplosion________?(2)It________tomethathemayhavereportedthemattertotheheadmaster.(3)Theconcertwill____________nextSunday.(4)Howdidthequarrel____________?happenoccurredtakeplacecomeabout,要点讲与练4.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.(p．11)这是一项很难完成的任务。,词语链接要点讲与练undertakev.着手，承担，从事undertaketodosth.＝promisetodosth.答应/承诺做某事,即学即练要点讲与练完成下列句子。(1)Ourbiologyteacherrequiredus_____________________________________________(承担一些简单的实验).(2)Asapoliceman,Imust___________________________________________(承担那项危险任务)．(3)Thepresident______________________________(答应不公开名字)ofthepeopleinvolved.toundertakesomesimpleexperimentsundertakethedangeroustaskundertooknottopublishthenames,要点讲与练(4)Thegovernment________________________________________________________________________(答应尽快查清通货膨胀的原因)．undertooktofindoutthecauseofinflation,要点讲与练5．Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthrough—thecloningofDollythesheep.(p.11)但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的成果——克隆羊多莉。,词语链接要点讲与练payfor付款payoffone'sdebt还清债务payoff某事是值得的，付清工资后解雇,要点讲与练即学即练完成下列句子。(1)I'llgiveyoudouble____________workingsovertime.(2)You'llhave________youroldloanbeforebeingallowedanewone.(3)Allhisefforts________whenTomtookthefirstplaceinthewritingcompetition.payfortopayoffpaidoff,要点讲与练6．ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.(p.12)接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。,要点讲与练词语链接disturbingadj.搅乱，打扰，令人烦恼的disturbedadj.烦恼的，受打扰的disturbancen.打扰，不安，骚乱Pleasedon'tdisturbthesleepingchild.请别打扰那睡着的孩子。Everytimeheenteredtheroom,hewasquietsoasnottodisturbhismother.每次进屋他都静悄悄的，以便不打扰他的妈妈。,要点讲与练Thedisturbingdevelopmentsdrewtheattractionofthegovernment.使人感到不安的事态发展引起了政府的注意。Theteachertoldhimtoleaveashewasadisturbancetotheotherstudents.因为他干扰了其他学生，所以老师叫他出去。,要点讲与练7．CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly'sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.(p.12)克隆科学家沮丧地发现多莉的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上。castv.(cast,cast)投，掷，抛,要点讲与练思维拓展观察下列各句中画线词的意思。(1)Thefishermancast_his_netintotheriver.渔民在江上撒网。(2)Thetragedycast_a_shadowontheirlives.这个悲剧在他们的生活中投下了一片阴影。(3)Everycitizenover18yearsoldinourcountryhastherighttocast_a_vote.我们国家18岁的市民都有权投票。,要点讲与练be/feelcastdown沮丧，使沮丧，使气馁(常用于被动语态或作表语)castaside抛弃，排除castoff解缆，放(船)castout把某人赶走，逐出,要点讲与练即学即练A选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)Heisnoteasily________，asheisactiveandoptimistic，Ithinkhewilltryto________anydifficultythathemeets.(2)Afterthescandal,hewas________ofthecompany.(3)Thestudents_______________whentheyknewtheyfailedinthefinalexamination.castdowncastasidecastoutwerecastdown,要点讲与练词语链接beappropriateto...适合于……的，与……相称的beappropriatefor不适合某种场合,要点讲与练即学即练B选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)ThiskindofTVprograms__________________childrenunder10.(2)Thedress______________________sportsmeet.(3)Jeans____________________aformalparty.isnotappropriatetoisnotappropriateforarenotappropriatefor,要点讲与练8．Ontheotherhand,Dolly'sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.(p.12)另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和大众的想象力产生了极大的影响。,要点讲与练词语链接objectionn.不赞成，异议；反对，厌恶objectiontosth.对某事反对(objection是名词)objectiontodoingsth.反对做某事objecttosth.反对某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事Hehasastrongobjectiontocarryingouttheplan.他强烈反对实施这项计划。Objectionstotheplanwillbewelcomedsincerely.欢迎对该计划提出异议。,要点讲与练即学即练A完成下列句子。(1)Mymain_____________(反对)grandmothergettingupsoearlyisthatit'seasierforhertocatchacold.(2)Manyparents________________________________________(反对孩子看太多电视)．(3)Manystudents________________________________________________________________________________objectiontoobjectedtotheirchildrenwatchingTVtoomuchhaveastrongobjectiontohavingclassesatweekends/objecttohavinglessonsatweekends,要点讲与练(反对周末上课).(4)I________(反对)hewastooyoungtojointhearmy.objected,要点讲与练词语链接haveastrong/greatimpacton...对……有巨大影响makeastrong/greatimpacton...对……有巨大影响,要点讲与练即学即练B完成下列句子。(1)MartinLutherKing'sspeech_______________________________________(对在场的每个人都产生了巨大的影响).(2)MonkeyKing(西游记)_____________________________________(对其读者有极大的影响).madeagreatimpactoneveryonepresenthasagreatimpactonreaders,要点讲与练9.Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning.(p.12)有些国家开始修订法律明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。,要点讲与练词语链接forbidv.(forbade/forbad，forbidden)禁止，不准forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsth.禁止某事forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事,要点讲与练即学即练完成下列句子。(1)Cigarettes______________________(不许卖给)topeopleundertheageof16.(2)禁止乱扔垃圾____________________________(3)Students______________________(不准玩手机)duringtheclass.(4)Readers__________________(不许)totakebooksoutofthelibrarywithoutpermission.areforbiddentosellLitteringaroundisforbiddenforbidplayingmobilesareforbidden,要点讲与练(5)Schools______________________(严禁学生打架)intheschoolyard.forbidstudentstofight,要点讲与练10.Dolly'sdeath,likeherbirth,wasboundtoraiseworries.(p.14)多莉的死像它的出现一样必定引起担忧。,要点讲与练词语链接beboundto注定做，有义务做beboundfor...去；准备去,要点讲与练即学即练完成下列句子。(1)Theweather____________________(一定会变好)atSpringFestival.(2)You___________________________________(一定能考试及格)，ifyoustudyhard.(3)你要去哪儿？____________________isboundtogetbetterareboundtopasstheexaminationWhereareyouboundfor?,要点讲与练11.Scientistsbelievehumancloningisjustamatteroftimebuttheassumptionthathumancloneshavealreadybeenbornhasn'tbeenprovedyet.(p.14)科学家们相信人类的克隆只不过是时间问题，但是克隆人已经问世的说法还没有被证实。,要点讲与练词语链接assumev.假定，假设，认为assumptionn.假设，设想,要点讲与练即学即练完成下列句子。(1)Thetheoryisbasedon________________________________________________(一系列的设想)．(2)Peopletendto____________________(妄加臆断)abouttherichwhenhe/shediedsuddenly.(3)Itisreasonable______________________________________________(假设我们的学习越来越好).aseriesofassumptionsmakeassumptionstoassumethatourstudywillbecomebetterandbetter.,要点讲与练,要点讲与练即学即练将下列句子译成英语，并分析其结构。(1)工厂领导的决定，即三分之二的人将下岗，令人非常失望。________________________________________________________________________,要点讲与练(2)有些同学起得很早，并在食堂吃了早餐，但是，另一些同学，比如李梅和张文，却不愿吃食堂提供的廉价食品。________________________________________________________________________
